GSMA Warns 6G Will Require Triple Mid-band Spectrum

A recent analysis by GSMA has raised concerns about the future of 6G mobile networks, highlighting the need for two to three times more mid-band spectrum than what is currently available. The report, titled Vision 2040: Spectrum for the Future of Mobile Connectivity, projects the requirements for dense urban deployments in the 6G era. According to the study, countries will need a global average of 2–3 GHz of mid-band spectrum by 2035–2040, with higher-demand markets requiring 2.5–4 GHz, significantly higher than the current allocation of around 1 GHz for mobile use.

The GSMA is urging governments to make policy decisions in this decade to prevent severe capacity bottlenecks in the 2030s. The organisation emphasizes that regulatory planning ahead of the ITU’s WRC-27 conference is crucial, as future mobile bands will be negotiated during this time. Without early action, users could face slower speeds, increased congestion, and reduced national competitiveness.

John Giusti, Chief Regulatory Officer at the GSMA, highlighted the significance of addressing the spectrum requirements for 6G, stating, “6G will require three times more mid-band spectrum than is available today. Meeting these needs will be essential for robust connectivity and economic growth.”

The report outlines key points regarding the future of mobile connectivity, including the expected timeline for 6G commercial deployment and connections. By 2040, over 5 billion 6G connections are anticipated, alongside 2 billion 4G and 3 billion 5G connections still in use. The study also forecasts a significant increase in global mobile traffic, reaching 1,700–3,900 EB per month by 2040.

Moreover, the analysis underscores the urban concentration of mobile traffic, with around 83% originating in dense urban areas that represent only 5% of land area. The report indicates that traffic density in very dense zones is nine times higher than in other urban areas and almost 700 times higher than in rural regions. To meet the growing demands, the modelling suggests a need for additional mid-band spectrum ranging from 1–3 GHz on top of current allocations by 2030.

In conclusion, the GSMA highlights the importance of early planning and coordination for the deployment of 6G networks. The study identifies several potential mid-band ranges for consideration, emphasizing the need for long-lead-time planning to address existing incumbents, conduct coexistence studies, develop device ecosystems, and achieve international harmonisation. By taking proactive measures now, countries can ensure a seamless transition to 6G connectivity and support future economic growth and innovation.