Exploring the Depths: Quantum Computer Underground

Researchers in Sweden have embarked on a groundbreaking project utilizing a 2km deep mine to shield quantum computers from the harmful radiation emanating from space, which has been known to impede their computational capabilities.

The collaborative effort involves scientists from Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden and the University of Waterloo in Canada. They are conducting experiments within the mine to assess the effectiveness of shielding superconducting qubits in quantum computers.

The initial phase of the project involves testing the qubits, which are produced at Chalmers University of Technology, both above ground in Sweden and Canada. Subsequently, the same qubits will be subjected to testing deep underground in Canada to analyze the variations in environmental impact on their performance.

One of the key challenges faced by quantum computers is the interference caused by cosmic radiation. These high-energy particles from space disrupt the delicate qubits, leading to a loss of their quantum state and hindering the completion of computations.

Current error correction techniques assume that cosmic ray-induced errors are independent of each other, which is not the case. In reality, these errors tend to be correlated, making it difficult for existing methods to rectify multiple errors simultaneously. By delving deeper into the behavior of qubits, researchers aim to develop strategies to minimize the occurrence of correlated errors.

“We are thrilled about this project as it delves into the crucial issue of how cosmic radiation impacts qubits and quantum processors. Access to this underground facility is essential for unraveling ways to mitigate the effects of cosmic radiation,” stated Per Delsing, Professor of Quantum Technology at Chalmers University of Technology and Director of the Wallenberg Center for Quantum Technology.

“SNOLAB boasts the lowest muon flux globally and offers cutting-edge cryogenics testing capabilities, making it an ideal setting for conducting significant research on quantum technologies,” remarked Jeter Hall, Director of Research at SNOLAB and Adjunct Professor at Laurentian University in Canada.

“Through this initiative, we aim to gain insights into qubit decoherence concerning cosmic rays and explore how radiation impacts qubits under controlled conditions,” explained Dr. Chris Wilson, Professor at the University of Waterloo and affiliated with the Institute for Quantum Computing in Ontario.

The project is a collaborative endeavor involving Chalmers University of Technology, the Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, and SNOLAB located near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

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