Single chip modulator for 10MHz to 1THz

Researchers at ETH Switzerland have developed a groundbreaking modulator capable of converting electrical data into optical signals across an impressive frequency range, from 10MHz to 1.14 THz, all within a single device. This innovative plasmonic modulator, created by a team at ETH Zurich, holds significant potential for the future of communication networks, particularly in the realm of 6G technology. Polariton Technologies, a spinout company, has already constructed a photonic IC (PIC) based on this modulator and is actively working towards commercializing the technology.

The team behind this remarkable achievement has not only demonstrated a frequency response surpassing 1 THz but has also developed an equivalent circuit model for the modulator. Their findings indicate that plasmonic modulators are exceptionally well-suited for THz PICs, showcasing the versatility and efficiency of this cutting-edge technology.

Yannik Horst, a key contributor to the project during his doctoral thesis, emphasized the significance of the modulator, stating, “Our modulator enables the direct and efficient conversion of radio signals and other electrical signals into optical signals. With the ability to cover the entire frequency spectrum using a single component, its applications are incredibly diverse and far-reaching.”

One of the key features of the modulator is its composition, which includes two parallel plasmonic phase shifters connected via GSG contact pads. By applying the THz field across specific slots, the modulator effectively converts electrical signals into optical signals, paving the way for advanced data transmission capabilities.

Furthermore, the modulator utilizes a silicon waveguide to facilitate the propagation of light to the plasmonic modulator, where it interacts with the nonlinear organic electro-optic material. This interaction results in the generation of a THz frequency signal, which is then encoded onto the optical carrier, enabling the transmission of modulated optical signals with exceptional efficiency.

With a remarkable 3 dB electrooptic bandwidth of 997 GHz, the developed modulator surpasses the capabilities of existing devices, highlighting its potential for revolutionizing data transmission processes. Professor Jürg Leuthold, an expert in Photonics and Communications at ETH Zurich, envisions a wide range of applications for such modulators, emphasizing their role in bridging the gap between electrical and optical data transmission in various fields.