US Implements Export Controls on Quantum Tech

The US Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) has recently announced global controls on the shipment of quantum, 2nm semiconductor, and 3D printing technologies. This move comes as part of the US interim final rule (IFR) that aims to regulate critical and emerging technologies that have garnered broad technical agreement among international partners.

According to the BIS, the controls are designed to fortify international relationships with like-minded countries and ensure that US export controls remain aligned with the rapid advancements in technology. The scope of the controls encompasses quantum computing, semiconductor manufacturing, and related equipment, components, materials, software, and technology essential for the development and maintenance of quantum computers.

Moreover, the controls extend to Gate All-Around Field-Effect Transistor (GAAFET) Technology, specifically for high-performance computing chips utilized in supercomputers, with a focus on 2nm process technologies and below. Additionally, additive manufacturing items for 3D printing of metal or metal alloy components are also included in the regulatory framework.

Alan Estevez, Under Secretary for the Bureau of Industry and Security, emphasized the importance of these controls in maintaining national security. He stated, “Aligning our controls on quantum and other advanced technologies makes it significantly more difficult for our adversaries to develop and deploy these technologies in ways that threaten our collective security.”

Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export Administration Thea Rozman Kendler highlighted the collaborative nature of the controls, stating, “The most effective way to protect our national security is to develop and coordinate our controls alongside like-minded partners.” She also mentioned the introduction of a new license exception for trusted partners to enhance agility within the system.

The BIS anticipates that several like-minded countries will follow suit in implementing similar controls for the export of items related to quantum computing and advanced semiconductor manufacturing. The establishment of a new License Exception Implemented Export Controls (IEC) aims to streamline the process by covering equivalent national controls, thereby fostering innovation opportunities among implementing countries.