External Power Adapter Fatality

The market for external power supplies for mobile phones and laptops is on the brink of a significant transformation. Over the next 12 months, a new form factor of USB-C converters in sockets in the wall is set to revolutionize the industry. This shift towards in-socket USB-C chargers is not just a change in design; it is expected to drive innovation in consumer equipment utilizing fast-charging battery technologies.

While the production of external power supplies valued at $26 billion will not come to a halt, the market is gradually transitioning towards in-socket designs that are poised to dominate the industry. This transition has been fueled by various factors, including legislation in Europe mandating a single USB-C connector. European companies like Pulsiv in the UK, Eggtronic in Italy, and Power Integrations and Silanna in the US have been at the forefront of technological advancements in this space for several years.

Pulsiv recently unveiled a 65W reference design for the AC-DC portion of the charger that seamlessly fits into the existing 25mm spacing in a socket. This compact design is more than sufficient for charging devices like mobile phones or robot vacuum cleaners. According to Tim Moore, the chief product officer of Pulsiv, the trend is expected to escalate, with 140W in-socket chargers becoming prevalent within the next year, catering to a broader range of charging needs.

The advent of wide bandgap semiconductors has significantly enhanced efficiency, resulting in reduced power loss to heat. This development is crucial as in-socket power converters have limited cooling capabilities. The improved efficiency not only lowers costs but also enhances the reliability of electrolytic capacitors, ensuring that the power converters can last for a decade or more, unlike external power supplies that often become electronic waste after just a couple of years.

Moreover, innovations in transformer and inductor design have led to the miniaturization of converters, further optimizing space utilization. Simultaneously, advancements in battery technology, particularly fast-charging batteries from companies like Nybolt and Echion, are reshaping consumer designs. Tim Moore envisions a future where higher power levels are integrated into everyday items like furniture and lamps, with a strong emphasis on fast charging and safety.